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Originally all transformers were built with windings made of copper. This prestigious conductor was easily accessible, and its cost was not excessive.
The outbreak of the Second World War and a huge demand for copper by the military industry caused copper to disappear from the market and increase its price disproportionately. We might also witnessing the same in the post covid world. Transformer manufacturers have had to adapt to the market situation by using an alternative conductor, i.e. aluminium.
The first experiments were not particularly successful, but with time and by carrying out all the appropriate modifications of the transformer design, the aluminium proved to be an excellent conductor with the same copper characteristics. The first AL strips were used already in the 60’s in the USA and successfully largely accepted and utilized by European transformer manufacturers.
The Transformer Company is offering both Cu and AL based transformers according to the client’s needs.
The choice of conductor material depends on many important aspects such as the use (type of application) of the transformer, the size and weight allowed, the budget available and the availability and delivery times of the transformer. Let see the main positive and negative aspects of both conductors.